Frequently Asked Questions

Choosing a counsellor and beginning therapy can bring up a lot of questions. It’s normal to want clarity about qualifications, insurance coverage, what to expect in sessions, and the different approaches used in therapy. Below, you’ll find answers to some of the most common questions clients ask. My hope is that this information helps you feel more comfortable and confident as you consider whether counselling with me is the right fit for you.

What’s the difference between a psychiatrist, psychologist, counselling therapist, psychotherapist, and social worker?

A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who diagnoses mental illnesses and can prescribe medications. A psychologist (doctoral degree, or Master’s in Alberta) diagnoses and provides therapy and assessment, but does not prescribe. Counselling therapists and psychotherapists are Master’s-level professionals (titles vary by province) who focus on talk-based therapy and emotional support. Registered social workers (MSWs) also provide counselling, often bringing a strong focus on both therapy and the social systems that affect wellbeing.

Each profession has its own training and approach, but all share the goal of helping people move toward healing and growth.

How does being a Professional Counsellor compare to other professions?

The professions of psychiatry, psychology, social work, counselling therapy, and psychotherapy are considered “regulated professions.” That means the provincial or territorial government protects those titles, sets minimum education requirements, and often requires entrance exams or licensing with a professional college or board.

In many provinces and territories, however, counselling therapy or psychotherapy is not yet regulated. This means that people like me can train as Professional Counsellors through diploma-level programs that emphasize the practical, interpersonal skills of therapy. My training focused heavily on the hands-on skills of listening, supporting, and working with clients in real time—skills that some Master’s programs may not fully develop until students begin their practicums or after graduation.

As a Professional Counsellor, I am a member in good standing with the Canadian Professional Counsellors Association (CPCA). Membership requires meeting minimum education standards, following a strict code of ethics, and completing continuing education every year. This ensures professionalism, accountability, and up-to-date skills, even in provinces where the profession isn’t yet formally regulated.

In terms of practice, I am able to work with clients across Canada, though there are some limitations in provinces like Quebec and Ontario where psychotherapy is more tightly regulated. It’s worth noting that many Master’s- or Doctorate-level practitioners also choose to practice under counselling associations like the CPCA.

In the end, whether someone is a psychiatrist, psychologist, social worker, counselling therapist, psychotherapist, or professional counsellor, we are often learning alongside each other in the same workshops and continuing education programs. We may come from different academic paths, but we share the same goal: offering meaningful, ethical, and effective support.

Are your services covered by insurance?
Many extended health care plans cover counselling with professionals registered through bodies such as the CPCA, ACCT, or ACTA. Coverage depends on your specific plan, so it’s best to check with your provider. If your plan doesn’t currently include counsellors, you can ask about adding this profession to your coverage. Receipts are always provided, and what isn’t covered may still be claimed as a health care expense on your income tax return.

What happens in the first session?
The first session is a little longer (about 90 minutes). This gives us time to go over important paperwork, talk about your goals for counselling, and start to get to know each other. From there, we’ll work together to decide on the approach and pace that feel most supportive for you.

What is EMDR therapy?
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a structured approach that helps people heal from traumatic or distressing memories. By recalling past experiences while following guided side-to-side movements (like eye movements or taps), the brain can reprocess the memory so it feels less overwhelming. This helps reduce painful emotions and replace them with more balanced beliefs.

What is CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy)?
CBT is a practical, goal-focused type of talk therapy. It helps you notice patterns of thinking and behavior that may be keeping you stuck. Together, we work on building new ways of thinking and coping so that you feel more equipped to handle stress, anxiety, or other challenges in your daily life.

What is Narrative Therapy?
Narrative therapy looks at the stories we tell ourselves about who we are and what we’ve experienced. Sometimes those stories feel heavy or limiting. In this approach, we explore how you can begin to separate yourself from the problem and reframe your story in a way that highlights your strengths, values, and possibilities for growth.

What is Attachment Theory in counselling?
Attachment theory explains how the bonds we form early in life with caregivers shape our sense of safety, self-worth, and relationships. In therapy, understanding your attachment style can help make sense of current struggles with trust, closeness, or emotional regulation. By working together, we can build healthier ways of connecting—with yourself and with others.

What is Polyvagal-Informed Therapy?
Polyvagal theory shows how our nervous system shifts between states of safety, stress, and shutdown. These states can strongly affect our emotions, relationships, and even our physical health. In therapy, I use a polyvagal lens to help you understand your body’s responses and practice techniques that move you toward feeling calmer, safer, and more connected.

Still have questions?
If your question isn’t answered here, please don’t hesitate to reach out. I’d be glad to talk with you and help you decide if online counselling is the right next step for you.